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I am an adult under a general guardianship order and I would like to make a cash gift to my daughter. Can I do so without the judge’s authorisation?

No. When a person is unable to manage their own affairs, the guardianship judge may authorise one or more persons to represent them, assist them, or carry out one or more acts on their behalf. Pursuant to Article 494-6 of the French Civil Code, in the case of a general…
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Can a minor receive a gift?

Yes. A minor may receive a gift, but as they are legally incapable (Article 414 of the Civil Code), a legal representative (usually a parent) must on their behalf (Articles 935 and 382 of the Civil Code).
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My father donated a property to me in full ownership. Today, I want to sell it, but the notary has informed me that I need the signature of my brothers and sisters, even though I'm the only one who owns the property. Is this formality compulsory?

Yes. Article 924-4 of the French Civil Code stipulates that heirs with reserved rights may bring an action for reduction or revendication against third parties holding real estate that was donated and subsequently disposed of by the recipient. In practical terms, if your father's gift encroaches on your brothers' and…
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I own a small house in the countryside in addition to my apartment in the city. Can I give it to my minor grandchild?

Yes. In order for the donation to be validly filed, in addition to the fact that it must be established by a notary, it is essential that the beneficiary accepts the latter (art. 932 C. civ.). When the beneficiary is an unemancipated minor, accepting a donation unencumbered by charges, which…
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Several years ago, I built my house on a piece of land owned by my sister. When I decided to sell the property, I discovered that my name was not on the title deed. Is this normal ?

Yes. Under French law, the principle is that ownership of the land includes ownership of everything on and beneath it (Article 552 of the Civil Code). This means that even if you financed the construction of the house, your sister remains the owner. For the house to become your property…
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